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| - | | name =The Catcher in the Rye
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| - | | image = [[File:Rye catcher.jpg|200px|]]
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| - | | image_caption = First edition cover
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| - | | author = [[J. D. Salinger]]
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| - | | illustrator =
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| - | | cover_artist = E. Michael Mitchell<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calarts.edu/news/11-sep-2009/calartsremembersbelovedanimationinstructoremichaelmitchell |title=CalArts Remembers Beloved Animation Instructor E. Michael Mitchell |publisher=Calarts.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-01-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineuniversities.com/blog/2010/01/judging-the-book-50-most-captivating-covers-of-all-time/ |title=50 Most Captivating Covers |publisher=Onlineuniversities.com |date= |accessdate=2010-01-30}}</ref>
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| - | | country = United States
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| - | | language = [[English language|English]]
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| - | | series =
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| - | | genre = [[Novel]]
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| - | | publisher = [[Little, Brown and Company]]
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| - | | release_date = 1951
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| - | | media_type = Print ([[Hardcover|Hardback]] & [[Paperback]])
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| - | | pages = 214 pp
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| - | | isbn = 0-316-76953-3
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| - | | oclc= 287628
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| - | }}
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| - | '''''The Catcher in the Rye''''' is a [[1951 in literature|1951]] [[novel]] by [[J. D. Salinger]].<ref>Los Angeles Times, Jan. 29, 2010. http://www.latimes.com/features/books/la-et-salinger29-2010jan29,0,578438.story</ref> Originally published for adults, it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage confusion, [[angst]], alienation, language,<ref>Costello, Donald P., and Harold Bloom. "The Language of "The Catcher in the Rye.." Bloom's Modern Critical Interpretations: The Catcher in the Rye (2000): 11-20. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Web. 1 Dec. 2010.</ref> and rebellion.<ref>{{cite news | + | |
| - | | url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-28671475_ITM
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| - | | title = Famous Firsts. (young-adult literature)
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| - | | author = Michael hi
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| - | | work = [[Booklist]]
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| - | | date = 2000-11-15
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| - | | accessdate = 2007-12-20
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| - | }}</ref> It has been translated into almost all of the [[world language|world's major languages]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Magill |first=Frank N. |title=Magill's Survey of American Literature |chapter=J. D. Salinger |year=1991 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation |location=New York|isbn=1-85435-437-X |page = 1803}}</ref>
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| - | Around 250,000 copies are sold each year, with total sales of more than 65 million.<ref>According to [[List of best-selling books]]. An earlier article says more than 20 million: {{cite news
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| - | | url = http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A43680-2004Oct18.html
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| - | | title = J. D. Salinger's Holden Caulfield, Aging Gracelessly
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| - | | author = [[Jonathan Yardley]]
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| - | | work = [[The Washington Post]]
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| - | | date = 2004-10-19
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| - | | accessdate = 2007-01-21
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| - | }}</ref> The novel's [[protagonist]] and [[antihero]], [[Holden Caulfield]], has become an icon for teenage rebellion.<ref>Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Allusions By Elizabeth Webber, Mike Feinsilber p.105</ref>
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| - | The novel was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'''s 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923,<ref>{{cite news
| + | |
| - | | url= http://www.time.com/time/2005/100books/the_complete_list.html
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| - | | title=All-Time 100 Novels: The Complete List |work=Time |first=Lev |last=Grossman |coauthors=Richard Lacayo |year=2005}}</ref> and it was named by [[Modern Library]] and its readers as one of the [[Modern Library 100 Best Novels|100 best English-language novels of the 20th century]]. It has been [[List of most-commonly challenged books in the United States|frequently challenged]]<ref name="ALA" /><ref>List of most commonly challenged books from the list of the one hundred most important books of the 20th century by Radcliffe Publishing Course</ref><ref name="Guinn">{{cite news
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| - | | url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=ET&p_theme=et&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EDCAD301800C85B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D
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| - | | title = 'Catcher in the Rye' still influences 50 years later
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| - | | author = Jeff Guinn
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| - | | work = [[Erie Times-News]]
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| - | | date = 2001-08-10
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| - | | accessdate = 2007-12-18
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| - | | format = fee required
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| - | }} [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-6739335_ITM Alternate URL]</ref> in the United States and other countries for its liberal use of [[profanity]] and portrayal of [[Human sexuality|sexuality]] and [[Adolescence|teenage]] angst. It also deals with complex issues of [[Identity (social science)|identity]], belonging, connection, and alienation.
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| - | == Plot summary ==
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| - | The majority of the novel takes place in December 1949. The story commences with [[Holden Caulfield]] describing encounters he has had with students and faculty of Pencey Prep in Agerstown, Pennsylvania. He criticizes them for being superficial, or, as he would say, "phony." After being expelled from the school for his poor academic performance, Holden packs up and leaves the school in the middle of the night after a physical altercation with his roommate. He takes a train to New York but does not want to return to his family and instead checks into the dilapidated Edmont Hotel. There, he spends an evening dancing with three tourist girls and has a clumsy encounter with a young [[prostitute]] named Sunny.<ref>"The Catcher in the Rye Characters." Dead Caulfields. Web. 23 June 2010.</ref> His attitude toward the prostitute changes the minute she enters the room. Holden becomes uncomfortable with the situation, and when he tells her that all he wants to do is talk, she becomes annoyed with him and leaves. However, he still pays her for her time. Sunny and Maurice, her [[pimp]], later return to Holden's hotel room and demand more money than was originally agreed upon. Despite the fact that Sunny takes five dollars from Holden's wallet, Maurice punches Holden in the stomach.
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| - | Holden calls up his old girlfriend, Sally Hayes, to invite her to see a musical. Sally very excitedly agrees, and they meet for the play. After the play Holden and Sally go skating, and while drinking coffee Holden impulsively invites Sally to run away with him, but she declines. Her response deflates Holden's mood, which prompts a remark: "You give me a royal pain in the ass, if you want to know the truth" , he tells her, regretting it immediately. Sally storms off as Holden follows, pleading with her to accept his apology. Finally, Holden gives up and leaves her there.
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| - | Holden spends a total of three days in the city, and this time is characterized largely by drunkenness and loneliness. At one point he ends up at a museum, where he contrasts his life with the statues of Eskimos on display. For as long as he can remember, the statues have been unchanging. These concerns may have stemmed largely from the death of his brother, Allie. Eventually, he sneaks into his parents' apartment while they are away, to
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